Human anatomy has already been widely and intensely studied. Noticeably, there are major differences amongst men and women. More than the physical differences, more importantly hormones and its cycle are different. Women have keener and more specific considerations that requires physicians or doctors who have specialized in different women health issues. Here is a list of specialists for women:
Gynecologists
Literally, gynecology means "the science of women." Gynecologists are doctors who have specialized in the study and care of the reproductive system, including the breast area, of women. This specifically focuses on the uterus, vagina, ovaries and mammary glands. Hormonal cycles are also included. They provide a full spectrum of care for illnesses that particularly affect women who have passed the year of adolescence. Gynecologists who are not obstetricians are not allowed to deal with pregnancy and childbirth. This is the major limitation of gynecologists that most people may not know about.

Obstetricians
Obstetrics is the care for pregnant woman and during and after giving birth. They are highly knowledgeable when it comes to providing pre-natal and post-natal care to the mothers and babies until they are delivered to the first few months. They are also trained in delivering babies through vaginal (commonly known as "normal" delivery) and the caesarean (surgical) delivery. Important information you may want to take note of: All obstetricians are gynecologists but not all gynecologists are obstetricians.
*Doctors in these two fields most of the time have chosen to take these two specializations. They are more popularly known as OB/GYN. Combined specialization of these two disciplines allows a single doctor to provide comprehensive women care.
Fertility
There are some women who are having issues in conceiving children. In response to the growing number of women having this kind of issues, the medical field established a medical specialization for fertility. A National Survey for the Family Growth did a survey in the United States. The result of the survey showed that 6.1 million of women have problems with having children. And currently, 9.3 million women are using fertility services. The role of the fertility doctors is to determine the psychological and physiological hindrances of conception and the interventions to solve these issues. They are also licensed to prescribe fertility drugs. Intensive trainings were also undergone for the performance of diagnostic tests and in-vitro procedures and other simple artificial fertilization or conception.
Nowadays, different specialty centers are working on various women health issues. Noticeably, more and more modifications and additions towards OB/GYN care are implemented. This is in response to the growing number of diseases and malfunctions in the women's reproductive system. Researches are also continuously being done on aging and osteoporosis. Hormone replacement is also being worked-out. Cosmetic/plastic surgeons also continuously do breast reconstruction and genital reconstruction for women.
Through the aids of Gynecologists and Obstetricians, as well as the Fertility Doctors, private organizations that pursue women health rights and the government spread information and education on women health. National campaigns, events, tools and even education centers are being launched. On the other hand, women should also be more receptive and information-hungry to health issues concerning them, including the types of doctors that they should visit.